Colombia’s New Urban Order
Last year Sérgio Cabral, governor of Brazil's Rio de Janeiro State, praised the Colombian government's success in reducing violence in Bogotá. Formerly one of the most dangerous cities in the world, Bogotá has seen a dramatic decrease in violent crime rates in the last five years. Cabral announced that he intended to transplant the Colombian model to Rio de Janeiro, but he has since changed his mind. Bogotá's new urban order, he may have realized, resulted not from the rule of law, but from the rule of private right-wing militias.
Bolivia’s Coca Policy Walks a Tightrope
A WOLA-AIN delegation recently traveled to the Bolivia's Chapare region to carry out an on-the-ground assessment of the initial impact of the Morales government's new coca strategy. The delegation met with local municipal, police and military authorities, coca farmers, and others.
Urban Latin America: Space, Security and Struggle
With about three quarters of its population living in dense settlements, Latin America is the planet's most urbanized region. It is also its most unequal. The well-to-do enclaves of major cities often stand shoulder to shoulder with vast poor areas, variously known as barriadas, barrios marginales, colonias, favelas, inquilinatos, rancherías. Though Latin American urban segregation traces back to the colonial era, most of today's so-called megaslums and satellite cities have arisen in the last 40 years with rural-to-urban migration, which resulted in an almost 40% growth in the region's urban population between 1960 and 2000.
Colombia: Trade at the Point of a Gun
"Free trade" and an aggressive military policy are central pillars of U.S. foreign policy. Better than any country in the world, Colombia demonstrates the intimate connection between these two aspects of U.S. power and their devastating results.
Dangerous Liasons: Latin American Feminists and the Left
Leftist politics has always had a complex relationship with women's struggles, one that many times translates into political exploitation and neutralization. The strategies are many: reducing women's battles to a "theme" among many others; organizing them into sectors and hierarchies (the famous feminine "branch," or women's section of political parties), with a ranking system that assures that women's objectives are not the top priority of any political program.
Untying the Knot of Venezuela’s Informal Economy
The Sabana Grande in eastern Caracas is one of the city's most famous streets, and it has seen many changes in its short life. Until the 1940s, most of it still lay under sugarcane fields. But by its 1970s heyday the shopping boulevard was the scene of a flourishing café culture that for many Caracas intellectuals of a certain generation has passed into legend, a relic of a safer, wealthier, more cosmopolitan city.
Afro-Latin@s in the United States: Theoretical Coordinates
Until recent years, the term Afro-Latin@ has primarily been used to refer to people of African descent in Latin America and the Caribbean. Along with "negro," "afrodescendiente" and "afrolatinoamericano," Afro-Latin@ served to name the constituency of the many vibrant anti-racist movements and causes that have been gaining momentum throughout the hemisphere for several generations, reaching global visibility at the UNESCO conference at Durban in 2001. Since the early 1990s, however, and in part as a result of intellectual cross-fertilization between North and South, the usage has gained increasing traction in the United States.
The Political Status of Puerto Rico
The unequal relationship between the U.S. and Puerto Rico is perceived by some as an anachronistic remnant of the colonial era. The current status of Puerto Rico, an unincorporated territory of the U.S., allows the federal government to unilaterally impose a range of measures on the island without enfranchising the people to have a voice in the legislative process.
Information War in the Jungle
"This is a war of information. And it is the oil company itself that has taught us to fight it," said Heriberto Gualinga, who is a kind of 'communications boss' of the indigenous Kichwa community of Sarayaku in the Ecuadoran jungle.
Colombia’s Women Warriors for Peace
"C'mon, muchachos, let's go!" With this abrupt order, Celia Eumesa and a group of the Nasa Indigenous Guard under her command jumped into a van and drove off in hot pursuit of a handful of guerrillas that had just kidnapped some people from her community. Armed with no more than decorative staffs, which they carry to symbolize indigenous authority, they sped behind the guerrillas' car with a caravan of 60 other Indigenous Guards trailing behind.
Waiting for Nationalization in Bolivia
On May 1st, the day the Bolivian government announced the "nationalization" of the country's vast oil and gas reserves, I went out to witness the symbolic takeover of a former Bolivian refinery that was privatized in the late 1990s. A cheering crowd looked on as a young employee of Bolivia's state oil and gas company, Yacimientos Petroliferos Fiscales Bolivianos (YPFB), strung a YPFB banner over the metal letters spelling out the name of the Brazilian company Petrobras. Another banner hung on the front gate proclaimed, "Nationalized: Property of Bolivia."
In Vieques, Puerto Rico, La Lucha Sigue
Last spring, I came across an article in Caribbean Edge magazine on Vieques, a small island seven miles off the coast of Puerto Rico. According to the article, Vieques' "lush green rainforest, pristine beaches, and crystal clear waters" are "the perfect place to relax and experience the quiet charms of a truly unspoiled Caribbean island."
